Epistemology †Sense Essay

The issue of information is certainly a basic part in reasoning. It compels us to address whether we are sure of the things we think we know, and whether we can legitimize the things we know are in reality evident. This hypothesis or investigation of information can be alluded to as epistemology. Every one of these perspectives on information can fluctuate contingent upon how we see the world itself. We can see the world through the use of our faculties, be that as it may, our faculties alone can be very misdirecting. We can never truly be positive of what we know just by taking a gander at the world the manner in which it is. We can make sentiments and suppositions about what we see, smell, taste, and hear, however can never truly be outright. So as to guarantee information, it requires sureness that something is valid. If we somehow happened to guarantee information without sureness, we would ignore Descartes’ origination of information and assurance. Descartes explains question as the difference to sureness. As assurance builds, question diminishes; then again, as uncertainty expands sureness diminishes. The world would not be as trying for what it's worth on the off chance that we could simply acknowledge anything as information. We would have the option to just opinionate, accept, and gauge whatever we might want and guarantee that everything is valid. Notwithstanding, in the same class as it sounds, it isn't useful. It is as what it sounds to resemble a pretend world. Essentially, on the off chance that we based information off of thoughts we are not sure of and simply acknowledged them as obvious, we could always be unable to proceed to the following degrees of information. Some place along the lines of this questionable information, we would find that things don't associate, or bode well. We would end up scrutinizing the purpose behind things and just discovering that our insight is wrong. All things considered, imaginary information isn't useful over the long haul without assurance.

The use of emulsifiers in the food industry Essay

The utilization of emulsifiers in the food business - Essay Example In this paper, the need, use and significance of emulsifiers in food industry will be obviously portrayed. The significance of emulsifiers in various food arrangements will likewise be clarified by models. 2.0 Emulsifiers are the chain of particles which have one water-adoring for example hydrophilic nature toward one side of the chain and oil-adoring, for example hydrophobic nature at the opposite end. For instance, when oil and water are included, it doesn't blend and the oil glides in the water surface. This blend must be conceivable when emulsifier is included them. After blend of emulsifier, oil and water get delicately scattered with one another shaping steady, homogenous smooth blend (Food Info, 2009). Emulsifier is commonly an item which encourages two substances to stir up homogeneously which conventionally may not be conceivable to blend well. For instance, mayonnaise is a ‘emulsified food product’. To upgrade the taste and surface of this food item, emulsifier is included with different fixings. In food items, the emulsified blend are the mix of at any rate two parts or â€Å"phases† which when all is said in done don't combine well all. Oil and water are the two stages in mayonnaise (Bernstein, n.d.). 3.0 Importance The food business utilizes different sorts of emulsifiers while delivering assortment of food items. The most straightforward sort of emulsifier utilized in food industry is a characteristic emulsifier which is gotten from a wellspring of vegetable alluded to as ‘lecithin’. This common emulsifier has been gotten from soybeans however different sorts of emulsifiers are gotten from different sources. For the creation of lecithin, the soy oil is communicated from the dirt beans, which is eventually treated with steam. This emulsifier is usually utilized in chocolate bars and chocolate candy. The nearness of lecithin with different fixings in chocolate encourages to maintain strength and turn away division an d waste. In the food business, emulsifiers are a premier fixing bunch that are utilized in items. The essential significance of emulsifiers is to build the improvement of food attractiveness. The food items which utilize fats or greasy fixings need the nearness of emulsifier so as to keep up their dependability and quality. A few results of chocolate coatings and icings require this as they make greasy things. The burden of the presence of these fats is essentially â€Å"mouthfeel†, which they pass on to the last item. The expansion of emulsifiers makes the completed item increasingly delightful since it lessens the elusive substance from the item in the wake of tasting of the fat segment. Therefore, surface and dependability doesn't arrange taste and shopper worthiness (Bernstein, n.d.). 4.0 Applications of Emulsifiers Emulsifier is utilized in assortment of food creations in the food business. A few models can feature the significance of utilization of emulsifier: It is uti lized in making bread on the grounds that without the utilization of emulsifier it gets dry, low in volume and get rotted without any problem. Two sorts of emulsifiers are utilized in bread, which are batter strengtheners and mixture conditioners. In batter strengtheners, diacetyl tartaric corrosive esters and sodium or calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate are incorporated which help to make the mixture more grounded; and mixture conditioner incorporates mono-and di-glycerides of unsaturated fats,

Ancient Persia and the Persian Empire

Antiquated Persia and the Persian Empire The Ancient Persians (current Iran) are more recognizable to us than the other domain developers of Mesopotamia or the Ancient Near East, the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians, in light of the fact that the Persians were later, but since they were plentifully depicted by the Greeks. Similarly as limited, Alexander of Macedon (Alexander the Great), at last wore the Persians out rapidly (in around three years), so the Persian Empire rose to control rapidly under the authority of Cyrus the Great. The degree of Persia fluctuated, yet at its stature, it stretched out southwards to the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean; toward the east and upper east, the Indus and Oxus streams; toward the north, the Caspian Sea and Mt. Caucasus; and toward the west, the Euphrates River. This domain incorporates desert, mountains, valleys, and fields. At the hour of the old Persian Wars, the Ionian Greeks and Egypt were under Persian domain. Western Cultural Identity and the Persian Army We in the West are familiar with considering the To be as the them to a Greek us. There was no Athenian-style vote based system for the Persians, however a flat out government that denied the individual, basic man his state in political life. The most significant piece of the Persian armed force was an apparently brave world class battling gathering of 10,000, known as The Immortals since when one was murdered another would be elevated to have his spot. Since all men were qualified for battle until age 50, labor was not a snag, despite the fact that to guarantee unwaveringness, the first individuals from this eternal battling machine were Persians or Medes. Cyrus the Great Cyrus the Great, a strict man and follower of Zoroastrianism, first came to control in Iran by defeating his parents in law, the Medes (c. 550 B.C.)- the triumph made simple by numerous turncoats, turning into the primary leader of the Achaemenid Empire (the first of the Persian Empires). Cyrus at that point made harmony with the Medes and solidified the partnership by making Persian, however Median sub-rulers with the Persian title khshathrapavan (known as satraps) to administer the regions. He additionally regarded region religions. Cyrus vanquished the Lydians, the Greek settlements on the Aegean coast, the Parthians, and Hyrcanians. He vanquished Phrygia on the south shore of the Black Sea. Cyrus set up an invigorated outskirt along the Jaxartes River in the Steppes, and in 540 B.C., he vanquished the Babylonian Empire. He set up his capital in a cool region, Pasargadae (the Greeks called it Persepolis), in opposition to the desires of the Persian nobility. He was murdered fighti ng in 530. The replacements of Cyrus vanquished Egypt, Thrace, Macedonia, and spread the Persian Empire east to the Indus River. Seleucids, Parthians, and Sassanids Alexander the Great shut down the Achaemenid leaders of Persia. His replacements controlled the region as the Seleucids, intermarrying with local populaces and covering a huge, touchy region that before long separated into divisions. The Parthians bit by bit rose as the following significant Persian force managing in the zone. The Sassanids or Sassanians defeated the Parthians following two or three hundred years and controlled with practically steady difficulty on their eastern outskirts just as toward the west, where the Romans challenged the region now and then through to the fruitful zone of Mesopotamia (present day Iraq) until the Muslim Arabs vanquished the region.

Industrialization and Agricultural Analysis in German - 275 Words

Industrialization and Agricultural Analysis in German (Essay Sample) Content: Industrialization and Agricultural Analysis in GermanNameProfessorInstitutionCourseDateIntroductionGerman is considered a global leader in industrial and technological sectors. It is the third largest importer and second largest exporter of goods in the world (Malik 2015) most of Germany has a temperament cyclic climate which is good for agriculture. It is considered one of the industrialized countries in the world owing to the large industrial production.Agriculture contributes a small part in the German economy. It has sharply declined over the years and only contributes around 2% of the GDP. Despite the decline agricultural production has increased due to modern machinery and technological innovation. Potatoes and grain are the main agricultural products in German, though agricultural products vary from region to region (Mathijs Swinnen, 2001). Attracted by better earnings, many farmers left for industrial and service sectors.German specializes in production of c omplex goods and innovative technologies, mostly chemicals, automotive, mechanical and electrical engineering. It is considered the largest employer in industry with a record 965,000 jobs (Malik, 2015) over 20% of the investment and industry of German is in the electronic sector. The chemical industry is owned by the private sector mostly foreign companies. In comparison with other industrial nations such as the USA, Germany has a strong workforce and a larger output in terms of production.German has very few domestic natural resources and as a result relies mostly on imports. Majorly it produces bituminous and brown coals (lignite). Other available minerals are potash and salt mined...

Poverty And Poverty - 854 Words

Poverty is a problem that the world suffers from, in which case can cause an awareness. There’s people in a current area downtown who are going through poverty. Mark Gongloff states in â€Å" 45 Million Americans Still Stuck Below Poverty Line: Census† â€Å"More than 45 million people, or 14.5 percent of all Americans, lived below the poverty†¦..But the level of poverty is still higher than 12.3 percent in 2006† (2014). There’s so many people, such as children suffer from poverty. Haiti suffers 37% more in poverty than most of countries. Fighting poverty are present in the U.S and other countries, there’s a organization known as â€Å"Feeding America† that is available in the U.S and there are others in different countries known as â€Å"Hope†. Poverty is†¦show more content†¦Their target is to feed the hungry nationwide and promote the cause of ending hunger. â€Å"HOPE International† started in the 1990s in Soviet Union in Ukraine, Jeff Gutt travel to Ukraine many times conveying goods; food, medical supplies, and clothes. Gutt was told that the shipments wasn’t helpful, but he then discovered the concept of microenterprise development. In 1997 â€Å"Hope† was establish, now the prominent goals is to break the cycle of poverty and with the help of faith. The two organization differentiate they’re goals in a particular matter. â€Å"HOPE† is willing to stop poverty in a way of giving all needs, and poverty is not just struggle of hunger. While â€Å"F eeding America† is more focused on serving food to end hunger. Ending chronic hunger and stability of shelter requires action that include a great deal of change. One idea is to end only hunger, ending hunger does not stop or end poverty. The serve of food does benefit, but there also needs to be a focus on other needs. Solutions to ending poverty needs to be kept sustainable, meaning economically and socially, allowing the rate of poverty to stay at certain level. Also the focus is to call out to society. Allowing them to come and volunteer. Calling out for help is now a goal making others help and participate in the cause. To take part in these organizations there can be simple tasks, attending to events and serve time to the community. â€Å"HOPE† is willing for peopleShow MoreRelatedPoverty Of Poverty And Poverty1134 Words   |  5 Pageseach day as a result of poverty (â€Å"Child Mortality Rate Drops†). On their website, The World Bank calculated that the amount of people living in extreme poverty was likely to fall below ten percent in 2015. Even though the poverty rate has decreased, there are still many people living in extreme poverty. One billion children in the world live in poverty and organizations like Compassion International are helping give them a new life (â€Å"Poverty Facts and Stats†). What is poverty? There are two specificRead MoreThe Poverty Of Poverty And Poverty1394 Words   |  6 Pagesare so many Americans living in poverty today, and the number of those living in poverty will probably only go up from here. What s even more disheartening is that a lot of the poverty stricken families include young children. America is considered one of the richest nations in the world, and that we are so much better off than other countries. While it may be true, I beg to ask the question of why are so many of our fellow brothers and sisters living in poverty? For those of us who are fortunateRead MorePoverty And Poverty : Poverty1662 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty for centuries has been a very severe issue that has troubled many nations while impeding economic developments and progress. Poverty stricken countries are majorly concentrated in the continents of Africa and Asia. Continents like the Americas and Europe have globally been recognized as been weal thier yet still many parts of these ostensible countries face massive cases of poverty. Most at times, countries with high populations owing to high birth rates face the most casesRead MorePoverty : Poverty And Poverty3135 Words   |  13 PagesPoverty Research Paper Noah Morrow Mrs.Zimmerly English 10 April/4/2015 The rich cause poverty because of the inequality and unfairness they bring. The country is put to blame for the governments and nations decisions. The people themselves can also be put at fault for poverty because of population but, some can not help it. This affects the poverty threshold, the people, and the number of people in poverty. Poverty can be solved with the help of organizations, the government or the president,Read MorePoverty And Poverty : Poverty1950 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough many see poverty as a choice, made by those who are lazy and prefer to do nothing but expect to reap the same benefits of people who work hard every day to provide for their families. In some cases this may be true but, poverty will wreak havoc on any and all of those who have the misfortune of crossing paths with it. Poverty is alive and well throughout the world, and it has an unyielding pulse here in the United States. It has been discovered that The poorest families in America areRead MorePoverty Of Poverty And Poverty861 Words   |  4 PagesI. Background, Statistics, Introduction Poverty traps are economic anomalies that continually reinforce poverty within a country’s, or multiple countries’, economies. There are many different types of poverty traps such as savings traps, â€Å"big push† models, nutritional traps, behavioral traps, geographic traps, etc. that all affect an economy in different ways. Not only can poverty be enforced through these traps, but also through the way an economy is run or the moralities of the government. AccordingRead MorePoverty Between Poverty And Poverty Essay2121 Words   |  9 PagesPoverty in America is severe. One third of our population lives under the poverty line. The poverty line being a family of three or more surviving on $36,000 or less. This transfers to 20.5 million people. Seven million of these people being women with children. 6.7% of our population has an income less than 9,000 for a family of three. These numbers are astounding and they are only on the rise. This means that more families are going without food. This means more children are starving and gettingRead MorePoverty, Situational Poverty And Chronic Poverty1515 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty varies in different social contexts through different cultures, generations, and history. People are born and raised in different parts of the world and by different people, meaning we all come from various cultures and most likely we all have different perspectives and we define poverty differently. By talking to people from the local community we came across that there are two major types of poverty, situational poverty and chronic poverty. Situational poverty is when one becomes poor becauseRead MoreThe Poverty Cycle Of Poverty1096 Words   |  5 Pagesof poverty? The Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) collects information on the social and economic status of families and their offspring every year. The National Center for Children in Poverty used a PSID study that found â€Å"that individuals who grow up in poor families are much more likely to be poor in early adulthood. Moreover, the chances of being poor in early adulthood increase sharply as the time spent living in poverty during childhood increases† (Wagmiller and Adelman). The poverty cycleRead MorePoverty Is A Problem Of Poverty1257 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty does not have one clear definition. It is a complicated, multi-faceted concept. It is a common social issue that has troubled nations for thousands of years. Poverty is the condition of having an insufficient amount of resources or income. Poverty has haunted the social life of Brazil for a number of years. With a booming economy, Brazil has managed to skip over poverty, for now. However, how long can they hold this issue off? The problem does not lie in their efforts but the way they have

How Gender Oppression Is Throughout The Lens Of Race And...

In this response, I will focus on how gender oppression is exemplified in the lens of race and racism. This paper will demonstrate how Fausto- Sterling, Preves, Messerschmidt, Crittenden and the film Senorita Extraviada have helped us understand the gender oppression itself. While still keeping Intersectionality, the system in which multiple categories intersect to contribute to who you are, in mind. These categories may consist of gender, race, socioeconomic class and sexuality. Intersectionality aids our understanding of oppression, not just by focusing on one variable, but several that lead to social inequality. We will come across the women of Juarez, Intersex, gender regulation of children, gender labor, heterosexuality, homosexuality†¦show more content†¦Hence, bringing the idea of gender labor. When Messerschmidt introduced the background information of Lenny, a 15 year old boy, raised in a heteronormative households we see the gender labor in action. According to Mes serschmidt both parents performed gender labor following society’s norm. The father was the masculine one in charge of decisions and the mother, feminine, meant for the home setting. This was when gender, socioeconomic class, and sexuality intersected to play a role in the way he grew up and saw himself. This much reflected to the psychological theories of sexuality of Freud in which Lenny identified with his father to later engage in activities that emphasize masculinity. Not only was this for the males but for females in the households, they were the caretakers of the family and were in charge of doing the domestic housework, which Lenny and his father never did. The female gender in this case is oppressed but the male gender in an unequal white household and expressing the traditional family labor model. Gender regulation of children was a way to control different background of children to distinct from the two sexes, â€Å"Girls in one line, while boys in the other, but for some it was a complicated choice (Preves). Intersex became something that was not allowed

A Life Changer free essay sample

A Life Changer For as long as I can remember sports have been one of the main focuses of life. Weekends were filled with watching sports games, playing games and going to practices for grade school teams. Every game lasts for ages, which made playing much sweeter. Organized sports became the driving force behind every interest. The weekends playing from dusk until dawn; are some of the best memories of childhood. Sports have also made the bond between father and son much stronger because of the strong connection shared. Sports shape young minds, teaches valuable lessons, and gives hope to millions on an everyday basis. When growing up young Adam Ricca craved to do anything sports related. Every thought he had was somehow always connected to how he could apply that thought to sports. Adam played on as many organized sports teams as he could as child. Baseball was his favorite even though he was not very good at it. We will write a custom essay sample on A Life Changer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This made him work harder at becoming better because he wanted to be the best on the team. He never did get there but he learned a few valuable lessons along the way. Adam found that if he worked his butt of at something that mattered to him he would see the results. Another lesson Adam learned was how to be humble. He knew no matter how much work he put in to make himself better, there would always be someone better, faster, stronger. He knew that he had to respect and admire his competition otherwise he would be a sore loser. As Adam grew older his love for sports grew stronger, but his skill diminished. He was okay with that because he knew he was nothing special. Adam started dreaming about a career linked to sports because he felt he would excel in the field of sports. As Adam got to college he realized that a career in sports was a difficult one to chose. He had no idea what field of sports he wanted to go into because he loved them all. One day he realized that sports may not provide the life he wanted to live so he picked something that would: Construction Management. Yes it is not sports but it is something that Adam is passionate about and requires a lot of hard work much like sports requires. Adam will always love sports. He will have to watch and admire from far and he is okay with that. All children should be involved in some type of sport activity. Sports teach teamwork, dedication, humility, focus, patience, practice, along with many others. These characteristics are something that every human is going to need at some point in their life. Sports show how dedication and hard work can pay off in the long run. Nothing in life is going to fall right into place without practicing every day. Without practicing everyday nothing gets any easier. Something people may not realize what sports can teach; is how helping people becomes so rewarding. Seeing teammates do something well brings just as much joy as if one were to do the act themselves. Playing sports keeps minds focused on other things in life as well. You can apply what sports teaches to pretty much anything in life; school, family, friends, anything that takes hard work to accomplish. Sure not everybody is going to accomplish great things. The great thing about sports is that it teaches you that no matter what; as long as you put the work in you will reap the benefits. Look at any professional athlete today: Drew Brees, David Freese, Kevin Durant, etc. These athletes all dealt with adversity and overcame that adversity at some point in their career. What they overcame made them into the men they are today and why they are such great role models for anyone to look up to. My relationship with my father when I was a young teenager was not the best. We loved each other and all, but we did not always see eye to eye and would always have little riffs. One day it all just kind of just disappeared and we started bonding, and now are best friends. This transformation can be credited to sports. A lot of what we do talk about is sports. We could go on for days about something. Our mutual love of sports is what opened up our conversations to other, deeper topics. We talk about everything now a day and we lean on each other for support whenever the other one is hurting. He is the best person to look up to as a role model because there is not a better one out there. It seems silly that sports is something that gave us this huge transformation as father and son and best friends; but sports is the basis for everything that happened. Another great thing about sports is that it can connect people when they do not have that much in common. Many friends have met and become better friends because of bonding through sports. Worldwide sports bring people together when there whether it is a happy or sad occasion. Look at 9/11. People were looking for some way to cope with what had just happened to our great nation. Baseball and football being played only days after what happened giving people hope that our lives could be normal again. In every game someone stood in front of the crowd and gave a speech about what happened and how we needed regularity in our life again and sports was a step towards that. Sports can bring on many emotions like few other things. There are many times watching a sports programs about how this high school team, a college team, a pro team, heck even a grade school team shows outstanding support to people in tragedy or a person in tragedy. These type of programs help people relate to a similar situation and bring out many different emotions. It seems almost every day there are stories about some athlete going out of their way to help someone in need. This shows what great role models that they are for anyone. There is also the argument that they should not be looked up to because of all the bad decisions they have made If you go online you will find as many stories about an athlete doing good as they are doing badly. They are such great role models because they show you how hard you have to work to get something you really want. There is a reason pros make it to the pros. They did not just get there by chance. Athletes inspire young children to reach for the stars and is that not what we are taught every day? Maybe the most important thing that sports can bring anyone is friends. Children encounter their best friends through sports when they are growing up. Children spend a lot of time together whether practicing for the games or just hanging out. These times that children spend together often turn out to be the best memories of their childhood. Friendships made through sports growing up often shape young children into fine young adults. Sports forge great friendships. These friendships are based off of the characteristics that sports teach. Children surround themselves with the right people when they have active participation in sports. This leads to the children to develop into young adults who have their heads on their shoulders because of the good people they have surrounded themselves with. Sports helps you make friends at any time in your life. We as humans crave interaction with other human beings. Sports is one of the best ways to interact with someone because of the interactions you have on and off the field. This is the one of the main reasons people identify with sports so well because it is how they make friendships that last a lifetime. In conclusion, I believe sports have played a major role in whom I have become and who I will continue to become. Sports are always going to be an outlet for people to meet each other and connect with people. Sports make relationships stronger and helps a multitude of people be a better people.

The Massacre At Paris Monologue Essay Example For Students

The Massacre At Paris Monologue Essay A monologue from the play by Christopher Marlowe NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Masterpieces of the English Drama. Ed. William Lyon Phelps. New York: American Book Company, 1912. DUKE OF GUISE: Now, Guise, begin those deep-engender\d thoughts To burst abroad those never-dying flames Which cannot be extinguished but by blood. Oft have I levell\d, and at last have learn\d That peril is the chiefest way to happiness, And resolution honour\s fairest aim. What glory is there in a common good, That hangs for every peasant to achieve? That like I best, that flies beyond my reach. Set me to scale the high Pyramides, And thereon set the diadem of France; I\ll either rend it with my nails to naught, Or mount the top with my aspiring wings, Although my downfall be the deepest hell. For this I wake, when others think I sleep; For this I wait, that scorn attendance else; For this, my quenchless thirst, whereon I build, Hath often pleaded kindred to the king; For this, this head, this heart, this hand, and sword, Contrives, imagines, and fully executes, Matters of import aimed at by many, Yet understood by none; For this, hath heaven engender\d me of earth; For this, this earth sustains my body\s weight, And with this weight I\ll counterpoise a crown, Or with seditions weary all the world; For this, from Spain the stately Catholics Send Indian gold to coin me French ecues; For this, have I a largess from the Pope, A pension, and a dispensation too; And by that privilege to work upon, My policy hath fram\d religion. Religion! O Diabole! Fie, I am asham\d, however that I seem, To think a word of such a simple sound, Of so great matter should be made the ground! The gentle king, whose pleasure uncontroll\d Weakeneth his body, and will waste his realm, If I repair not what he ruinates, Him, as a child, I daily win with words, So that for proof he barely bears the name; I execute, and he sustains the blame. The Mother-Queen works wonders for my sake, And in my love entombs the hope of France, Rifling the bowels of her treasury, To supply my wants and necessity. Paris hath full five hundred colleges, As monasteries, priories, abbeys, and halls, Wherein are thirty thousand able men, Besides a thousand sturdy student Catholics; And more,of my knowledge, in one cloister keep Five hundred fat Franciscan friars and priests: All this, and more, if more may be compris\d, To bring the will of our desires to end. Then, Guise, Since thou hast all the cards within thy hands, To shuffle or cut, take this as surest thing, That, right or wrong, thou deal thyself a king. We will write a custom essay on The Massacre At Paris Monologue specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Vertebrates - Vertebrata - the Animal Encyclopedia

Vertebrates - Vertebrata - the Animal Encyclopedia Vertebrates (Vertebrata) are a group of chordates that includes birds, mammals, fishes,  lampreys, amphibians, and reptiles. Vertebrates have a vertebral column in which the notochord is replaced by multiple vertebrae that form a backbone. The vertebrae surround and protect a nerve cord and provide the animal with structural support.  Vertebrates have a well-developed head, a distinct brain that is protected by a skull, and paired sense organs. They also have a highly efficient respiratory system, a muscular pharynx with slits and gills (in terrestrial vertebrates the slits and gills are greatly modified), a muscularized gut, and a chambered heart. Another notable character of vertebrates is their endoskeleton. An endoskeleton is an internal assemblage of notochord, bone or cartilage that provides the animal with structural support. The endoskeleton grows as the animal grows and provides a sturdy framework to which the animals muscles are attached. The vertebral column in vertebrates is one of the groups defining characteristics. In most vertebrates, a notochord is present early in their development. The notochord is a flexible yet supportive rod that runs along the length of the body. As the animal develops, the notochord is replaced by a series of vertebrae that form the vertebral column. Basal vertebrates such as cartilaginous fishes and ray-finned fishes breath using gills. Amphibians have external gills in the larval stage of their development and (in most species) lungs as adults. Higher vertebrates- such as reptiles, birds, and mammals- have lungs instead of gills. For many years, the earliest vertebrates were thought to be the ostracoderms, a group of jawless, bottom-dwelling, filter-feeding marine animals. But during the past decade, researchers have discovered several fossil vertebrates that are older than the ostracoderms. These newly discovered specimens, which are about 530 million years old, include Myllokunmingia and Haikouichthys. These fossils exhibit numerous vertebrate traits such as a heart, paired eyes, and primitive vertebrae. The origin of jaws marked an important point in vertebrate evolution. Jaws enabled vertebrates to capture and consume larger prey than their jawless ancestors. Scientists believe that jaws arose via the modification of the first or second-gill arches. This adaptation is thought to have at first been a way of increasing gill ventilation. Later, as musculature developed and the gill arches bent forward, the structure functioned as jaws. Of all living vertebrates, only the lampreys lack jaws. Key Characteristics The key characteristics of vertebrates include: vertebral columnwell-developed headdistinct brainpaired sense organsefficient respiratory systemmuscular pharynx with slits and gillsmuscularized gutchambered heartendoskeleton Species Diversity Approximately 57,000 species.  Vertebrates account for about 3% of all known species on our planet. The other 97% of species alive today are invertebrates. Classification Vertebrates are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Chordates Vertebrates Vertebrates are divided into the following taxonomic groups: Bony fishes (Osteichthyes) - There are about 29,000 species of bony fishes alive today. Members of this group include ray-finned fishes and lobe-finned fishes. Bony fishes are so named because they have a skeleton made of true bone.Cartilaginous fishes (Chondricthyes) - There are about 970 species of cartilaginous fishes alive today. Members of this group include sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras. Cartilaginous fishes have a skeleton that is made of cartilage instead of bone.Lampreys and Hagfishes (Agnatha) - There are about 40 species of lamprey alive today. Members of this group include pouched lampreys, Chilean lampreys, Australian lampreys, northern lampreys, and others. Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that have a long narrow body. They lack scales and have a sucker-like mouth.Tetrapods (Tetrapoda) - There are about 23,000 species of tetrapods alive today. Members of this group include birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles. Tetrapods are vertebrates with four limbs (or whos e ancestors had four limbs). References Hickman C, Roberts L, Keen S. Animal Diversity. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012. 479 p. Hickman C, Roberts L, Keen S, Larson A, lAnson H, Eisenhour D. Integrated Principles of Zoology 14th ed. Boston MA: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 910 p.

Management Decision Making Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Management Decision Making - Case Study Example In arriving at a decision, the team applies to cause and effect diagram, which investigates business systems for possible problems which cause inefficiencies. A decision making chain slows down due to lack of harmony among team members tasked with that responsibility. In the same way, a processing machine slows down hindering the continuous flow of goods in the conveyor belt. The team given this mandate uses cause and effect diagrams to come up with overall facts about the system. The process starts with investigations which look into possible reasons for a particular effect. In this case, the team investigates the Executive Information System (EIS) and finds out that major problems lie in the implementation. This is because the management is not equipped with the right skills required to run the system during the implementation stage. Cause and effect diagrams list from the biggest cause for the problem to the least, to guide the team in prioritizing courses for action (Sproull, 200 1). A Pareto chart is a combination of a line and bar graph, used to bring out the differences in data validity, and highlights the most useful ones. This helps quality assurance managers in testing the system for any faults which affecting business process. For instance, when investigating why ATM cards are taking too long to process at a bank, all ATM application issues are listed in order of frequency to establish where the gap is mostly concentrated. This is where problem-solving commences when addressing system issues. The team used a combination of these tools to come up with the recommendations, which excluded software and hardware components from the EIS implementation issues. In establishing the cause, right decisions are made in singling out the two issues. This two-tier approach is ideal for bringing out the most valid reasons for low uptake of the system. The only problem with this approach is that minor issues might be overlooked with has a potential of causing hitches later on in the system.

Internet and social media Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Internet and social media - Article Example I know a friend of mine, since childhood who used to remain very quiet in the classroom until few years ago. His name is John. He used to speak very rarely, and did not participate in group discussions. He remained silent and kept observing others. I seldom saw him speak in gatherings. I always found him more defensive than expressive in his speech. He could not bear someone contradicting his points of view or pass an indecent comment as friends normally do. This is perhaps the reason John did not participate in group discussions. But this John is completely different from the one I have in my friends list on facebook. John is too expressive in the virtual world. One day, I asked John the reason behind the disparity between his real world social interaction and that in the virtual world. He told me that he felt more protected while interacting in the virtual world. One reason why he thinks so is that he does not have to come up with prompt answers to the nasty comments made by his fr iends. When someone sends him a message on facebook and criticizes him in anyway, he has more time to select the most rational answer from a variety of choices. I have personally noticed that his responses to others’ comments on facebook are much more objective, well synthesized and well reasoned than what he normally makes in the real world conversation.

Marcel Duchamp and Dadaism Essay Example for Free

Marcel Duchamp and Dadaism Essay The art of Dadaism had its roots as an anti-art movement. The period of time in Art History Dadaism represents was approximately period of time from 1916 to 1924. Dadaism rejected the way art was appreciated and the way art was generally being defined in contemporary art scenes at that time (Tomkins, 1985). Dadism art movement was a response to World War I and was founded in Zurich, Switzerland. There weren’t any unifying aesthetic characteristics in Dada art; however, the Dadaists did share an extremely skeptical attitude towards what were at the time, the expectations of artists and writers. The word â€Å"Dadaism† was chosen for its naive sound (Gale, 1997). After originating in Zurich, the Dadaism art movement continued to spread to places like Berlin, Cologne, Hanover, Paris, Russia and New York City (Gale, 1997). Many of the original Dadaist would gather at a nightclub in Zurich, Switzerland called Hugo Ball’s Cabaret Voltaire, to express their ideas (Tomkins, 1985). As far as the United States, the central locations for Dada art were Alfred Steiglitz’s gallery â€Å"291,† a studio at 291 Fifth Avenue, along with the studio of the Walter Arensbergs, a Harvard-educated U. S. resident and art collector (Tomkins, 1985). Because Switzerland was neutral to both WWI and WWII, objectors to the war, those avoiding military service and those who just wanted to find a place for free expression gravitated to Switzerland. Integral to the Dada movement was the attempt not to categorize the art work using any association with any reference to analyzing the art intellectually. Dada was also a reaction the bourgeois Victoria values of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Dadaism was considered â€Å"absurb and playful† but at the same time it was considered to be â€Å"intuitive and cryptic† (Art, 2006). The methods used in producing this Dada art were not conventional and they used what they referred to at the time as â€Å"the chance technique and found objects† (Art, 2006). The Dadaists were trying to make their statement on the â€Å"social values and cultural trends of a contemporary world facing a devastating period of war† (Art, 2006). One of the artists associated with Dada and Surrealism was French artist Marcel Duchamp. However, according to some of my various readings, Duchamp’s actual participation in Surrealism was mostly behind the scenes. Most readings on Duchamp states that once he became involved in New York Dada, he seldom ever participated in Paris Dada. One of the reasons Marcel Duchamp is viewed as an enigma is that he is regarded as having produced one of the most diverse collections of masterpieces in the shortest amount of time. Some of the work Duchamp is most noted for are his oil on canvas â€Å"Nude Descending a Staircase,† â€Å"The Bride Stripped Bare by her Bachelors,† and his â€Å"ready-mades† which include the â€Å"Bicycle Wheel† and the porcelain urinal â€Å"Fountain† (Tomkins, 1985). In one source it was noted about Duchamp’s short creative period, â€Å"Duchamp was content to let others develop the themes he had originated; his pervasive influence was crucial to the development of surrealism, Dada and pop art† (Marcel, 2007). Upon viewing Duchamp’s various art pieces in the research I did for this paper, my personal thoughts are that Duchamp could have even felt that he was even using his Dadaism art in making fun of those who admired it, purchased prints of it and highly regarded it in any way. For example, in claiming a ready-made porcelain urinal and attaching a ready-made bicycle wheel to a ready-made stool, lacked pretty much any originality and even if it Dada was considered anti-art, he could have been fooling his audience. In one of my readings it noted that he was extremely surprised that he already had a large â€Å"fan base† in the United States upon arriving here. It could be that he thought he was â€Å"fooling† less people than he realized with some of the pieces he chose to present as â€Å"his† art. In one of the readings it stated that Duchamp â€Å"retained a sharp sense of humor in all circumstances—even to his death. Through humor, Duchamp abolished the difference between that which possesses and aesthetic quality and that which doesn’t† (Kuenzli). So it could be said that possibly Duchamp was just testing â€Å"us† to see at what if we got his Dadaism joke. While the Dadaist movement eventually declined in its popularity in the 1920’s, many artists who were before practicing Dadaism began practicing Surrealism. There was noted a Dadaism revival which occurred in New York in the mid 1950’s. Many feel this reaffirmed that Dada art was an important artistic movement in the world of arts. References Art History: Dadaism. World Wide. 2006. World Wide Arts Resources. 14 May 2007 http://wwar. com/masters/movements/dadaism. html. Gale, Matthew. Dada Surrealism. Art ideas. London: Phaidon, 1997. Kuenzli, Rudolf. Marcel Duchamp: Artist of the Century. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1989. Masheck, Joseph. Marcel Duchamp in Perspective. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1975. Tomkins, Calvin. The World of Marcel Duchamp. Amsterdam: Time-Life,1985.

Red Badge Of Courage :: essays research papers

Henry In Stephen Crane's novel "The Red Badge of Courage", we examine the episodes of war through the eyes of the main character, Henry Fleming. Because the book is rather vague about many details, we don't know how old Henry is, what he looks like, or where he comes from. We do know that Henry is from somewhere in New York and that he was raised by his mother. Although some people argue that throughout the novel Henry matures and becomes a better person, facts from the book show just the opposite. Henry is a conceited , smug young man who sees himself as a martyr and a hero; when in fact he is a coward. Henry begins his journey by signing up for the Union army. While this may seem like a brave step, Henry takes it for the wrong reasons. He is unsure of the Union cause, and without really understanding what he was fighting for, Henry saw visions of himself as a hero. Henry's thoughts of war are rather distorted: He had read signs of marches, sieges, conflicts, and he had longed to see it all. His busy mind had drawn for him large pictures, extravagant in color, lurid with breathless deeds(Crane, 3). This simply shows that Henry had romanticized the was to something of a glorious adventure in his head. Even when his mother tries to give him rational advice, Henry sat disappointed, expecting a speech on heroism and pride. When Henry and his regiment (the 304th New York) finally integrate into camp life, he begins to question himself. His regiment had been static for a long time and Hauptman 2 Henry becomes bored and unhappy. For time he begins to question his bravery and he feels rather insecure. In the regiments first battle, Henry fights well. His admiration for himself reaches a disgusting level: He felt that he was a fine fellow. He saw himself even with those ideals that he had considered far beyond him. He smiled in deep gratification (Crane, 30). In this passage one can see Henry beginning to falsely view himself as a hero. At the beginning of the 304th New York regiment's second battle, Henry notices that two other soldiers are running in fear of the fight. He suddenly becomes rather scared and flees the battle as well. He tries to rationalize his actions to himself by saying: Death about to thrust him between the shoulder blades was far more dreadful than death about

Market Strategy Analysis on Montgras

Hung-Chang Huang 1467751 Case Questions: MontGras 1. (a) To what extent can MontGras control its own market position, as opposed to being dominated by the country-of-origin effect, and be perceived as a â€Å"Chilean Wine†? MontGras, the export-focused winery that was founded in 1992, unlike many other Chilean wineries, actually possessed a considerable control on its own market position in the late 1990s and early 2000s.Although the overall consumer perception towards Chilean wine products indicated that they need to put more efforts to build a solid image globally and that their major advantage is the low price, the situation might not necessarily hurt MontGras’ current market position if and only if the management the link between the decision to adopt the quality strategy, rather than volume strategy, and the fact that Chilean wine lacked a proper image.By pursuing quality-oriented strategy, MontGras is able to further cultivate its brand awareness as a result of th e success of the ultra-premiums(Ninquen line) and the super-premiums(Reserva line), and to eliminate the inefficient cost spent on the joint effort with Chilevid aimed at building a stronger image for the entire Chilean wine industry.Consequently, the problem of country-of-origin effect was, in fact, not significant enough that hampered MontGras’ marketing position as long as the company is fully understand what the appropriate marketing strategy is and adopt it with regard to different market ecologies of MontGras’ export destinations. (b) What implications does this have for marketing strategy? With the worldwide overproduction of vintages, competitions of wines in all segments were predicted more intense, especially in the basic segment, which traditionally accounted for nearly half of the market share of many countries, and 55% of MontGras’ total product in 2001.This indicates that already saturated basic segment, with the smallest gross profit margin for al l the players within the segment, would become a less and less lucrative red ocean. On the other hand, with the recognition that the country-of-origin effect does not incur severe damage to the company as anticipated, MontGras is able to reallocate its advertising expense through emphasizing on the brand, or on the product lines instead of building a stronger image of country-of-origin that would consume a huge portion of its dvertising expense, but unsure of whether consumers in UK or US would buy their effort. Hence, both the two aforementioned factors might serve as a juncture for MontGras to reassess its business strategy, which could be broken into producing part and marketing part, in order to keep the profitable business for long. 2. Evaluate the US and UK options separately. For each country, which option would you recommend and why? In MontGras’ major export market, UK, the company has already gained a substantial success that it ranked one of the 10 most Chilean win e exporters in terms of the value of products.In this picture, its partner distributor in UK had played an important role in MontGras’ UK penetration since 1996. Considering UK market feature, partner with leading supermarket chains such Tesbury is a comparatively feasible way to expand MontGras’ market share because these chain systems control more than 60% of all wine sales. However, partner with Tesbury is not free from side effects. First, at initial collaboration phase, MontGras enjoyed a short term victory without paying the cost of promotion.But in the future, is it able to reap without paying, or would Tesbury ask for more contribution from MontGras after it become too subservient to the large retail system? Second, partner with Tesbury could well create a supplanting effect that threatens its old partner distributor. Thus, my recommendation for MontGras in UK would be to diversify its distributor partnerships as a way to prevent over dependency, which would so mehow cast uncertainty for MontGras’ positioning strategy in the long term.Also, in order to pave the way for future expansion in premium segment, MontGras should keep records of the new marketing plan for Ninquen wines that if the targeting sales of 5,000 cases can cover the proposed GBP 20,000 and generate profit. In the highly fragmented US wine market, with regulatory three-tier distribution system, MontGras had to tackle business with importers, which are usually state-licensed wholesalers too. In addition, by the four prescribed criteria in choosing a countable partner importer, MontGras should be able to prevent the failures from unsuccessful previous partnerships.The first candidate of its partner distributor, World Wine Importers, a larger player that operated 200 brands with a 60-staff sales force, proposed to promote the Reserva line in a volume-oriented strategy with a price range of $8-$11; Cabo Imports, another candidate that operated 50 brands and a sales force of 35, offered a distinct proposal for MontGras that it intend to raise consumers’ perception towards MontGras’ quality and pric range also to broaden the return for both parties through setting a price range $8-$15, and it also intend to release the Ninquen line as a flagship product targeted a $25 retail price.Although the partnership with World Wine Importers seems more lucrative to MontGras in terms of the sales generated by large amount basis, however, simply adopt the results from simple additive questions is obviously not sagacious enough for Mr. Middleton. In general, Cabo Importers would offer a great stage for Reserva(60% of the total), and the newly released Ninquen as well. Thus, accepting Cabo Importers’ offer would be advantageous for MontGras’ market position in US market.

Comparative Critique Of Comparative Capitalism - 1214 Words

CASE STUDY #4: COMPARATIVE CAPITALISM Case Study #4: Comparative Capitalism Florence F. Messi St Thomas University Miami Gardens, Florida Abstract The Merriam-Wester dictionary defines capitalism as an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market. (2015). However for an ideal capitalism to fully operate it requires a set of conditions or institutions such as legitimacy of government and the rule of law, a well-defined property right, firms acting as price takers, not barriers to entry and exit, free capital and labor†¦show more content†¦Yes, the â€Å"varieties of capitalism† model is a recognition that market capitalism economics is in reality political economy. Merriam Webster defines political economy as the theory or study of the role public policy in influencing the economic and social welfare of a political unit. (2015). When analyzing the â€Å"varieties of capitalism† model, spheres of coor dination-which are constraints placed on firms by their nation economic, political system and social system-that define a country capitalism, these spheres of coordination correspond to many fields of inquiry relevant to political economy. Spheres of coordination such as employees’ relationships, vocational training, internal finance governance, refer to the field of study such as regulation, interest groups, comparative institutions, relationships between government and business which are relevant to political economy. Insofar as the Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter referred to capitalism as a process of â€Å"creative destruction†, which of the two â€Å"varieties of capitalism† is consistent with Schumpeter’s theory? 1. Before choosing which of the two â€Å"varieties of capitalism† is consistent with Schumpeter theory of creative destruction, it is important to remind here what creative destruction is. Creative destruction, an expression coined by the Economist Joseph Schumpeter refers to the incessant product and process innovation mechanism by which new production units replace outdated ones. (Schumpeter, 1942).